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Glossary

1. Total alkalinity- is the total concentration of bases in water expressed as parts per million (ppm) or milligrams per liter as calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
2. Total Hardness of water is a measure of total concentration of calcium and magnesium ions expressed as calcium carbonate.
3. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) test is commonly used to indirectly measure the amount of organic compounds in water. It is expressed in milligrams per liter (mg/L), which indicates the mass of oxygen consumed per liter of solution.
4. CFU is used to determine the number of viable bacterial cells in a sample per mL. Hence, it tells the degree of contamination in samples of water, vegetables, soil or fruits, or the magnitude of the infection in humans and animals.
5. Cycles of Concentration is defined as the concentration of a non-evaporative species in the recirculating water divided by the concentration of the same species in the make-up water.